Struct core::str::Utf8Error

1.0.0 · source ·
pub struct Utf8Error { /* private fields */ }
Expand description

Errors which can occur when attempting to interpret a sequence of u8 as a string.

As such, the from_utf8 family of functions and methods for both Strings and &strs make use of this error, for example.

§Examples

This error type’s methods can be used to create functionality similar to String::from_utf8_lossy without allocating heap memory:

fn from_utf8_lossy<F>(mut input: &[u8], mut push: F) where F: FnMut(&str) {
    loop {
        match std::str::from_utf8(input) {
            Ok(valid) => {
                push(valid);
                break
            }
            Err(error) => {
                let (valid, after_valid) = input.split_at(error.valid_up_to());
                unsafe {
                    push(std::str::from_utf8_unchecked(valid))
                }
                push("\u{FFFD}");

                if let Some(invalid_sequence_length) = error.error_len() {
                    input = &after_valid[invalid_sequence_length..]
                } else {
                    break
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

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impl Utf8Error

1.5.0 (const: 1.63.0) · source

pub const fn valid_up_to(&self) -> usize

Returns the index in the given string up to which valid UTF-8 was verified.

It is the maximum index such that from_utf8(&input[..index]) would return Ok(_).

§Examples

Basic usage:

use std::str;

// some invalid bytes, in a vector
let sparkle_heart = vec![0, 159, 146, 150];

// std::str::from_utf8 returns a Utf8Error
let error = str::from_utf8(&sparkle_heart).unwrap_err();

// the second byte is invalid here
assert_eq!(1, error.valid_up_to());
1.20.0 (const: 1.63.0) · source

pub const fn error_len(&self) -> Option<usize>

Provides more information about the failure:

  • None: the end of the input was reached unexpectedly. self.valid_up_to() is 1 to 3 bytes from the end of the input. If a byte stream (such as a file or a network socket) is being decoded incrementally, this could be a valid char whose UTF-8 byte sequence is spanning multiple chunks.

  • Some(len): an unexpected byte was encountered. The length provided is that of the invalid byte sequence that starts at the index given by valid_up_to(). Decoding should resume after that sequence (after inserting a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER) in case of lossy decoding.

Trait Implementations§

1.0.0 · source§

impl Clone for Utf8Error

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fn clone(&self) -> Utf8Error

Returns a copy of the value. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

impl Debug for Utf8Error

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

impl Display for Utf8Error

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

impl Error for Utf8Error

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fn description(&self) -> &str

👎Deprecated since 1.42.0: use the Display impl or to_string()
1.30.0 · source§

fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn Error + 'static)>

Returns the lower-level source of this error, if any. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

fn cause(&self) -> Option<&dyn Error>

👎Deprecated since 1.33.0: replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting
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fn provide<'a>(&'a self, request: &mut Request<'a>)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (error_generic_member_access #99301)
Provides type-based access to context intended for error reports. Read more
1.0.0 · source§

impl PartialEq for Utf8Error

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fn eq(&self, other: &Utf8Error) -> bool

Tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.
1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

Tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.
1.0.0 · source§

impl Copy for Utf8Error

1.0.0 · source§

impl Eq for Utf8Error

1.0.0 · source§

impl StructuralPartialEq for Utf8Error

Auto Trait Implementations§

Blanket Implementations§

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impl<T> Any for T
where T: 'static + ?Sized,

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fn type_id(&self) -> TypeId

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more
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impl<T> Borrow<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow(&self) -> &T

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more
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impl<T> CloneToUninit for T
where T: Clone,

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unsafe fn clone_to_uninit(&self, dst: *mut T)

🔬This is a nightly-only experimental API. (clone_to_uninit #126799)
Performs copy-assignment from self to dst. Read more
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impl<T> From<T> for T

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fn from(t: T) -> T

Returns the argument unchanged.

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impl<T, U> Into<U> for T
where U: From<T>,

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fn into(self) -> U

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

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impl<T, U> TryFrom<U> for T
where U: Into<T>,

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type Error = Infallible

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_from(value: U) -> Result<T, <T as TryFrom<U>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.
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impl<T, U> TryInto<U> for T
where U: TryFrom<T>,

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type Error = <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error

The type returned in the event of a conversion error.
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fn try_into(self) -> Result<U, <U as TryFrom<T>>::Error>

Performs the conversion.